THE FUTURE IS HERE

Genetic Engineering

Explore an intro to genetic engineering with The Amoeba Sisters. This video provides a general definition, introduces some biotechnology tools that can be used in genetic engineering, and discusses some related vocabulary (such as plasmid, vector, transformation, transgenic, and more). CRISPR is also mentioned; expand to see further reading to explore more. To see more Amoeba Sisters biotechnology related videos, visit https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL0Myd7Dk1Gxs9mwISTCEi8i1xex94p2

———–
Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
1:51 Genetic Engineering Defined
2:01 Insulin Production in Bacteria
3:55 Some Vocab
4:20 Vectors & More
5:25 CRISPR
6:40 Genetic Engineering Uses
7:30 Ethics
————-
Factual References:

Clark, M. A., Douglas, M., & Choi, J. (2018, March 18). 17.1 Biotechnology – Biology 2e | OpenStax. Openstax.org. https://openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/17-1-biotechnology

Urry, Lisa A, et al. Campbell Biology. 11th ed., New York, Ny, Pearson Education, Inc, 2017.

Zedalis, J., & Eggebrecht, J. (2018, March 8). 17.1 Biotechnology – Biology for AP® Courses | OpenStax. Openstax.org. https://openstax.org/books/biology-ap-courses/pages/17-1-biotechnology

—————
FURTHER READING:
Note: our description is limited in characters; we encourage you to keep exploring beyond these recommendations!

*GFP and fluorescence?
https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/green-fluorescent-protein

*This link has a great bacterial transformation exploration!
https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/mhccbiology112/chapter/bacterial-transformation-lab/

*How is genetic engineering (which video focuses on) & gene therapy (which video doesn’t mention) DIFFERENT? — this also talks about using viruses:
https://medicine.missouri.edu/centers-institutes-labs/health-ethics/faq/gene-therapy

*Includes charts of different cells used to produce biopharmaceuticals:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4748523/

*History of synthesizing growth factor (interesting!)
https://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/2012/10/human-growth-hormone.html

*Genetically engineered plants and…
**Pollutants in air or soils:
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/trees-created-clean-pollutants
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/genetically-modified-houseplant-cleans-indoor-air#
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pce.12963
**Climate change mitigation?
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2022.01.004

*Genetically Engineered Chickens and Avian Influenza Resistance?https://doi.org/10.3390/v10100561https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149294/

*Genetically Engineered Mice:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK231336/

*More on CRISPR:
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/understanding/genomicresearch/genomeediting/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4971521/
**Book recommendation:
“The Code Breaker: Jennifer Doudna, Gene Editing, and the Future of the Human Race” by Walter Isaacson

ETHICAL ISSUES:
*What is bioethics? (from Michigan State University)
https://bioethics.msu.edu/what-is-bioethics

*CRISPR and Gene Editing Ethical Issues:
https://doi.org/10.21775/cimb.026.103
https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/policy-issues/Genome-Editing/ethical concerns

*Agriculture:
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/genetically-modified-organisms-gmos-transgenic-crops-and-732/

*Animals:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3078015/#genetics

GENETIC ENGINEERING AS A CAREER:
The US Bureau of Labor Statistics puts genetic engineering in the category of bioengineers: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/biomedical-engineers.htm

———————————————–
The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky’s certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. Amoeba Sisters videos only cover concepts that Pinky is certified to teach, and they focus on her specialty: secondary life science. Learn more about our videos here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/our-videos

Support Us? https://www.amoebasisters.com/support-us

Our Resources and Handouts: https://www.amoebasisters.com/handouts
Biology Video Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL0Myd7Dk1F0iQPGrjehze3eDpco1eVz

MUSIC:
Our intro music designed and performed by Jeremiah Cheshire.
End music in this video is listed free to use/no attribution required from the YouTube audio library.

TRANSLATIONS:
We gladly accept subtitle translations from our community. Learn more here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles
We also have videos using an artificial voice via https://aloud.area120.google.com to increase accessibility. See our dubbed channels on https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles