The brain-computer interface (BCI) technology provides a new communication channel. However, current applications have been severely limited by low communication speed. This study reports a noninvasive brain speller that achieved a multi-fold increase in information transfer rate compared to other existing systems. Based on extremely precise coding of frequency and phase in single-trial steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs), this study developed a new joint frequency-phase modulation method and a user-specific decoding algorithm to implement synchronous modulation and demodulation of electroencephalogram (EEG). The resulting speller obtained high spelling rates up to 60 characters (12 words) per minute. The proposed methodological framework of high-speed BCI can lead to numerous applications in both patients with motor disabilities and healthy people.